Sunset At Montmajour (1888)
Vincent van Gogh's Sunset at Montmajour is a striking oil on canvas painting created in July 1888 while he was in Arles, France. The artwork showcases the serene landscape of Montmajour at dusk, with vibrant colors capturing the essence of the surrounding wheat fields and the ruins of Montmajour Abbey. Initially doubted in authenticity, it was ultimately verified in 2013, marking a significant moment in art history and enhancing its value in the global art market.
July 3, 1888
About the Artwork
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Creation and Setting
The painting depicts the dusk scene in the hilly, forested landscape of Montmajour, in Provence, France. It features wheat fields and the ruins of Montmajour Abbey in the background. Van Gogh was particularly fascinated by this landscape, often revisiting it during his time in Arles.
Dimensions and Medium
The painting is oil on canvas, measuring 73.3 cm × 93.3 cm (28.9 in × 36.7 in).
Authentication
For over a century, the painting's authenticity was questioned. It was first dismissed by the Van Gogh Museum in the 1990s because it was not signed. However, in 2011, a two-year investigation was launched using advanced investigative techniques. The analysis of paint materials, including the use of cobalt blue which Van Gogh began using in the summer of 1887, supported its authenticity. A decisive piece of evidence was a letter written by Van Gogh to his brother Theo on July 5, 1888, describing the exact scene depicted in the painting.
Historical Context
The painting was created on July 3, 1888, just after Van Gogh's move to Arles in February 1888. During this period, Van Gogh was experimenting with new techniques, moving away from impressionist methods used in Paris and towards a more expressive use of color. Despite his initial disappointment with the work, considering it a failure, it represents a key experimental phase in his artistic development.
Ownership and Exhibition
The painting was part of Theo van Gogh's collection and later sold to a Paris art dealer in 1901. It was purchased by Norwegian industrialist Christian Nicolai Mustad in 1908 but was stored away after doubts about its authenticity arose. The painting was rediscovered and authenticated in 2013. It was temporarily displayed at the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam from September 24, 2013, to January 12, 2014.
Significance
Sunset at Montmajour is the first full-sized painting by Van Gogh to be newly confirmed as authentic since 1928. Its authentication was celebrated as a major addition to Van Gogh's oeuvre by art critics and historians.